Now a days all the work has been done online. Online registration, online form, games, ticket booking, government company, multinational company, website etc. are now online but their data is manage with the help of database Earlier all this work was done with the help of paper file, but it was very difficult to maintain and find the file , and it also used to take up a lot of space.
Data :
Before understanding the database, let us understand what the is a data. A data is a small part of information, it can be a person, object, location or some fact associated with it. There are many formats of data such as text, number alphanumeric, image, files graph etc. When these data are organized together, it becomes an information and a database is formed from a group of information.
Database :
The database is a museum of information. If we called in technical terms, then a database is a group of related data and information that is stored in a computer system. These data are kept in a systematic manner in the database so that the data can be accessed easily. Data sharing and data security are also controlled in the database.
A special software is used to store the data. As you might have used Microsoft Excel, after putting all the data in it, it is stored in the hard disk of the computer. Tables are used to store data in Microsoft Excel. This table contains many rows and columns that make it easy to find data, in the same way that data and information are stored in tables in the database Which make it very easy to access data. The database has three major elements: field, records and tables.
1. Field:-
A column of a table of any database is called a field. for example the student table given below has 5 fields.
2. Record:-
A row of a table of any database is called a record. for example the student table given below has 4 record.
3. Table:-
A table is made of fields and records, in which many different but related data are entered. You can see a student table below.
Database Management System(DBMS) :
DBMS (Database Management System) is a software through which user database is created, maintained, defined and controlled. Examples of DBMS are MySQL, M.S access, Oracle and DB2. DBMS(Database Management System) is used to maintain the database. This means that you can add new data to the database, delete it and you can also update the data
Benefit of Database :
- More data can be stored in less space through a database.
- Any information can be easily accessed.
- Inserting new data is also easy to edit and delete old data.
- Data can be shortened in different ways.
- Multiple users can access the same database simultaneously.
- The database provides more security than a paper file.
- Reduces redundancy, the duplication of a lot of space of the same type of data is called data redundancy, i.e. the data that is given more than once is removed from the database.
- Provides features such as breakup and recovery. Database failure can occur anytime. In such a situation, if the data is not recovered, there can be huge loss, hence the DBMS software provides backup recovery.
Uses of Database :
Internet is nothing without a database. Nowadays database are used by airline, railway ticket reservation, Banking, Library management system, School, college, University, Social media sites such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram etc., Online shopping site such as Amazon, Flipkart, Snapdeal etc., Military, Government Organization etc.